A
Abuse:  Abuse is causing physical, emotional and/or sexual harm to an individual and/or failing/neglecting to protect them from harm.
Accident: Unforeseen major and minor incidents where an individual is injured.
Active support:  Support that encourages individuals to do as much for themselves as possible to maintain their independence and physical ability and encourages people with disabilities to maximise their own potential and independence.
Additional protective equipment:  Includes: types of personal protective equipment such as visors, protective eyewear and radiation protective equipment.
Agree: Means the final form of the plan or the assessment and not that everyone was of the same view.  The agreement would also specify where the assessment or plan recognised that what would be offered was not the first preference of the children and young people and would identify where there are areas of concern and conflicts of opinion and judgements.
All parties: To review may include other professionals and/or agencies in cases where a team work/inter-agency approach has been followed.
Appropriate contact: Appropriate contact will be at a level that enables any issues to be identified and until they gain confidence in, and knowledge of, working with the individual.
Appropriate person: May be another member of the care team or external counsellor or advisor working with the individual.
Arrange: Arranging the environment, furniture etc. to enable effective communication.
Assessment: Measuring the individual’s ability to perform activities in daily living.
Assessment tool: A process of assessment using a variety of risk factors including continence, weight, nutritional status etc against which score is identified clarifying the degree of risk that individual will have in relation to the breakdown of skin.  Tools have various names according to their authors or developers.

B
Babies: Babies in this unit are from newly born or two years of age.
Babies’ communications: Babies communications can include conversational action, noises, words, other forms of non-verbal communication and turn-taking.

C
Care plans: The care plan will include all aspects of the children and young persons care needs which need to be adhered to within any setting in which the child/young person is placed. It addresses the holistic needs of the children and young people and should promote their life chances.
Carer: Any person who cares for the physical, social and emotional well-being of the individual/children and young people.
Carers: Includes: family members and friends who may support the individual.
Carers and families: Any person who have an active and on-going informal role in caring for the individual, including those with a family relationship to the individual.  Partners would be considered as family members.  Individuals with mental health needs may be adults of working age, children or adolescents or older people.
Children and young people: Children and young people from birth to 18 years of age who require health and care services; also where the children and young people are still eligible through legislation or policy to receive children’s/young people’s services, until they reach 21.  where children and young people use advocates/interpreters to enable them to express their views, wishes or feelings and to speak on their behalf, the term child/young person within this standard may cover the children and young people and their advocate/interpreter.
Circumstances: Of individuals, carers and families may be in relation to social, economic and/or physical factors (including health and living space/facilities), which influence their capability to cope with the individual.
Colleagues: Colleagues can be anyone with whom you work, including, where appropriate any staff for whom you have responsibility.  Colleagues can also be people from outside your organisations with whom you are working.
Communicate: The individual’s preferred spoken language; the use of signs; symbols; pictures; writing; objects or reference; communication passports; other non verbal forms of communication; human and technological aid to communicate.
Communication and language needs and preferences: Are the individuals needs and preferences in terms of their preferred language and ways of communicating with you, and you communicating and responding to them.
Communication cues: Actions and behaviour which indicate the communicator’s thoughts, feelings and help the person receiving the communication to understand the message.
Constructive feedback: Comments about your strengths or areas that need developing, they are useful for improving your practice.
Contamination: Includes items contaminated with body fluids, chemicals or radionucleatides. Any pack/item opened and not used should be treated as contaminated.

D
Daily living programmes: Inclusive programmes set up for groups of children and young people.
Danger: The possibility of harm and abuse happening.
Decision making forums: Hearings and events where decisions are likely to be made about the individual, their situation and/or their family.
Declare interests: The interests maybe: knowledge and relationship with the individual or others; vested interests; past experiences that might affect the way you work with the individuals etc.
Degree of reduction in substance and support:  Will differ between individuals – for some the goal is to reduce the frequency and/or volume of substance use, for others the goal is to cease substance use.
Demonstration and modelling: Means that the worker demonstrates the activity to the group by doing it himself or herself.  Group members may be those who have offended.
Development needs: Activities that enable individuals to develop retain and regain their skills and abilities.
Development opportunities: Opportunities that enable you to develop and practice more effectively.
Dimensions: This refers to the three dimensions used in the Assessment Framework.  These are the child’s developmental needs, the capacity of their parents to care for them and the family and environmental factors.  The aim is that by assessing all these dimensions it will be possible to safeguard and promote the welfare of the child and their best interests.
Disengage from networks: Presumes that you will be available for contact if the network requires your intervention.

E
Emergencies: Immediate and threatening danger to individuals and children and young people.
Environment: The environment is the place where the child/young person is living; it could include a foster parents home or a residential setting.
Equity: Treating everyone equally.
Expectations:  With regard to behaviour refers to agreed boundaries of behaviour in a range of social contexts and in relation to different activities in which the individual with may engage.  Boundaries may include statutory requirements and limitations.
Exploitative behaviour: Manipulative behaviour that is abusive and focuses on the vulnerabilities of children and young people.

F
Familiar environments: The areas in which people wish to be able to travel and move around independently and which are essential to their daily living and independence.
Families: People who are legally related to individuals/children and young people and those who through relationships have become an accepted part of their family.
Feed: Nutritional or fluid intake prescribed or ordered for an individual by a professional, such as a dietician, nurse or doctor.
Further assistance and support: May be for you or for the individual (such as emergency aid).

H
Harm:  The effects of an individual being physically, emotionally or sexually injured or abused.
Hazard:  A hazard is something with potential to cause harm.
Human aids to communication: Where people are used as specific aids to enable individuals, key people and others to communicate.

M
Making the environment as safe as possible: Will be dependent on the substance used and the condition of the individual.
Medication administration record: Denotes the term used for the documentation on which the medication has been ordered/prescribed – this will vary across care settings and environments, such as hospital and community settings, including medications prescribed by GPs and dispensed by community pharmacists where the instructions will be found on the medication packaging.
Medication information leaflet: Contained inside bought and some prescribed medications.
Mental state: The mental condition of an individual.  It can include the individual being withdrawn, depressed agitated, confused.
Methods: The means of achieving the goals

N
Needs of the individuals:  Relating to individual characteristics that influence choice and set up of equipment and other resources e.g. mobility, protection from radiation etc.

O
Offending behaviour: Offending behaviour can include drug and alcohol abuse, prostitution and other activities.
Others: Includes: carers – formal and informal. Professional colleagues. Other people within and outside your organisation that are necessary for you to fulfil your job role.
Other persons: This phrase refers to everyone covered by Health and Safety at Work Act including: visitors, members of the public, colleagues, contractors, clients, customers, patients, students, and pupils.

P
Pain or discomfort: May include injury, hallucinations or withdrawal symptoms (such as nausea, sweating).
Parents: People with legal parental responsibility.
Permanency: A focus on promoting secure, stable and fulfilling relationships for children and young people whether they are living with their birth families, in foster, adoptive or residential homes.  Permanency planning uses these criteria to underpin work to meet the short medium and long term needs of children and young people i.e. until they are 21 or 25 if still in education.
Personal and professional development:  Knowledge and practice of any type that will enable you to develop within your job role both as a person and as a practitioner.
Personal clothing and fashion items: Include outer clothes worn from home to work, jewellery, acrylic nails, nail varnish and false eyelashes.
Personal presentation: This includes personal hygiene; use of personal protection equipment; clothing and accessories suitable to the particular workplace.
Personal protective clothing: Includes items such as plastic aprons, gloves – both clean and sterile, footwear, dresses, trousers and shirts and all-in-one trouser suits.  These maybe single use disposable clothing or reusable clothing.
Personal safety: To keep yourself safe from any type of danger, abuse, harm, neglect or exploitation.
Personal support needs: The needs of the children and young people relating to their personal activities such as going to the toilet, meeting their personal care needs, washing etc.
Physical intervention: Decided upon in line with the organisation’s environment and culture, this refers generally to those workers performing roles where “hands on” contact is likely and legitimate.  These interventions are commonly either “breakaway techniques” (when defending oneself or another) or “restraint techniques” (when physically restricting a person’s movements).
Physical risks: May relate directly to the way that the substance is used (e.g. use of needles and risk of infection) or may relate to the effects that the substance has on the individual (both the short term effect of the substance and the longer term effects on the body.
Practice: Practice covers every aspect of the work you do including your skills, knowledge, attitudes and behaviour.  It also involves experiences and personal beliefs that might affect your practice.
Pre-speech: The sounds made by children prior to them being able to speak using words.
Preventive action to stop the individual when there is direct risk: Contingency action to leave the situation for your own safety and/or the safety of the individual or others.  Yet if there is a direct risk which may escalate if staff leave the situation, that direct risk needs to be reduced through team working or other actions.  It may be beneficial if the risk of escalation is assessed at the time by competent staff that is familiar with the individual.
Proposals for change: May include modifications to goals or objectives, such as the individual deciding not to reduce or cease substance use, or changes in the methods or strategies used.
Protocol: A set of guided instructions on the action to be followed in relation to catheterization, usually developed and quality assured through and by your employing organisation.

R
The range of possible options: Covers networks that can be accessed from local, regional and national organisations and groups.
Reactions: Reactions include non-verbal and verbal cues that indicate that the individual is distressed, does not understand etc.
Recreational activities:  Recreational activities include any leisure or recreational pursuits that individuals wish to be involved in.
Registered nurse, social worker, G.P, home manager, health visitor, midwife, qualified therapist.
Reflect: This is the process of thinking about every aspect of your practice including identifying where and how it could be improved.
Relevant national bodies: Includes voluntary and independent organisations that are of national importance.
Relevant persons:  A person named in the organisation’s procedures as having responsibility for dealing with reports and incidents of violence at work.
Resources, services and facilities: Support and resources for individuals that are provided to them at their place of residence or from groups and amenities in the community.
Responsible persons: The person or persons at work to whom you should report any health and safety issues or hazards.  This could be a supervisor, line manager or your employer.
Right to enter: Those people who have a right to be on the property, it excludes people who may have a court order against them and those who have no need to be on the premises.
Rights:  The rights that individuals have to:
be respected
be treated equally and not be discriminated against
be treated as an individual
be treated in a dignified way
privacy
be protected from danger and harm
be cared for in a way they choose
access information about themselves
communicate using their preferred methods of communication and language.
Risk assessments: A document that identifies actual and potential risk and specifies actions related to specific activities and functions.
Risks: The likelihood of danger, harm or abuse arising from anything or anyone.

S
Service users: Examples are: patients, clients, passengers, customers, detainees, the public, parents, and carers.
Significant other: Is used here to mean any individual(s) whom the individual wishes to involve in their care programme.  This may include partner, relative and/or friend but also includes other members of the community or other workers such as volunteers, other care practitioners, advocate, interpreter, and police or prison officer.
Signs and symptoms of danger, harm and abuse: Physical, behavioural and emotional indicators, which may signify possible danger, harm and abuse.
Social risks: Includes risks related to legislation (such as possession, driving with excess alcohol) and to relationships (such as the effects of the individual’s substance use on others).
Specific aids: Specific aids that will enable individuals with speaking, sight or hearing difficulties, additional needs or learning difficulties, to receive and respond to information.
Spiritual needs: Encompass hope, a quest for meaning and inner peace, a need to be valued and to receive assistance to cope with anxieties and fears.
Spiritual well-being: State of wholeness, when every aspect of life is in balance and the person feels confident, creative, fulfilled and integrated, both inwardly and in relation to other people.  It is a process of growth and development that gives to the individual meaning, purpose, direction and value in daily life.
Standard precautions and health and safety measures: A series of interventions, which will minimise or prevent infection and cross-infection: including hand washing/cleansing before during and after the activity and the use of personal protective clothing and additional protective equipment when appropriate.
Support groups: Interests groups set up to meet the needs of their members.

T
Therapeutic group activities: Inclusive group activities that have a therapeutic value and that have a benefit to the individuals involved and the group as a whole.
Those: Includes anyone affected by another person’s substance use e.g. spouses and significant others, children, siblings, parents or foster carers, relatives, carers.
Triggers of violent behaviour: Triggers of violence are factors that might prompt violence occurring.  They can be categorised in four different types:
Temporary personal factors – for example, the service-user (see service users) being uncomfortable from a lack of food, warmth, light or presenting challenging behaviour whilst under the influence of drink or drugs.
Persistent personal factors such as having a difficulty or disability which prevents normal communication, movement or behaviour.
Temporary environmental factors such as a hot, noisy, crowded room, poor work dynamics in terms of furniture layout, etc.
Persistent environmental factors such as too much being expected of the service-user or that the quality of the service consistently does not meet the required standards of the user.
Type of support: Could be at different levels and will take account of the strengths, vulnerabilities and breaking points of individuals, families, carers, groups and communities.

V
Vulnerabilities and needs: Of individuals, carers and families may be in relation to support and/or protection.

W
Wishes and preferences:  The identified choice of the individual in terms of what they want to eat and drink.
The working environment: This will include all environments in which you work.
Working practices: Any activities, procedures, use of materials or equipment and working techniques used in carrying out your job.  In this unit it also covers any omissions in good working practice, which may pose a threat to health and safety.
Workplace: This word is used to describe the single or multiple areas in which you carry out your work.
Workplace policies: This covers the documentation prepared by the employer on the procedures to be followed regarding health and safety matters.  It could be the employer’s safety policy statement, or general health and safety statements and written safety procedures covering aspects of the workplace that should be drawn to the employee’s (and ‘other persons’) attention.